It is a common misconception that arthritis is strictly a disease of old age. Arthritis affects people of many ages, even infants and children. Having said that, as we get older, many of us experience arthritis. But what exactly is it? Arthritis is when we experience swelling in the joints, which causes pain and discomfort. It occurs when there is inflammation in one or more joints and can involve a breakdown in cartilage. Cartilage protects the joints, so when there is limited cartilage, joints can become sore and inflamed causing swelling and pain.
In reality, the term “arthritis” is used generally to describe more than 100 types of rheumatic diseases and conditions affecting the joints. Rheumatic conditions are generally described as pain and stiffness in the joints and can evolve gradually over time.
Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune condition that occurs when arthritis affects five or more joints. RA can take several different courses. These include: (1) the condition can end within two to five years of initial diagnosis with only one episode occurring (2) RA activity levels can fluctuate over the course of the condition (3) the condition can increase in pain and be constant.
Another kind of arthritis, osteoarthritis, is commonly known as a joint disease and is the most common form of arthritis. It is defined by the symptoms of pain, swelling, and stiffness, and affects approximately 12.4 million adults aged twenty-five and older, and is estimated to affect 26.9 million adults ages sixty-five and older.
Childhood Arthritis is an umbrella term to describe a few types of arthritis. There are many different cases and clinically differing definitions of childhood arthritis. However, the most common type of childhood arthritis is juvenile arthritis, which affects those sixteen years and younger.
There are varying treatment options available for those suffering from arthritis. It is important to understand that a few arthritis-related conditions can be cured, but most forms of arthritis are a chronic condition and can last long-term. Therefore, much of the treatment for arthritis is centered on pain management.
Lifestyle modifications are often the first treatment for arthritis, especially when treating osteoarthritis, and may include:
- Implementing an exercise program such as low-impact aerobic activity, range of motion exercises for increased flexibility, and strength training.
- Introduction of physical therapy into your life by utilizing hot and cold compresses, splints and other orthotics to support joins, water therapy, or frequent massages.
- Getting plenty of sleep which may help prevent arthritis flare ups.
- Avoiding movements that put extra stress on the joints.
- Avoiding staying in one position for too long.
- Including more fruits and vegetables in your diet.
- Losing weight (if you are overweight) to relieve added stress to the joints.
In addition to lifestyle changes, an over-the-counter medication such as aspirin or ibuprofen is usually recommended to treat the inflammation and pain. In some cases, your doctor may prescribe medication to help manage symptoms. Prescription medications may include biologics to improve quality of life or corticosteroids to help reduce inflammation. In some cases, surgery to rebuild or replace a joint may be recommended. It is important to talk with your physician before undergoing any treatment options.
For more information about arthritis , please visit www.cdc.gov or www.arthritis.org.
This information is for educational purposes. Please consult your physician regarding any medical issues. The Visiting Nurse Association (VNA) is committed to bringing trusted and quality home health, private care and hospice to Indian River County patients. For more information about VNA services, call 772-567-5551 or visit www.vnatc.com.
